Sustaining our Peatlands: Proceedings of the 11th International Peat Congress Québec 2000 Vol I

Proceedings of the 11th International Peat Congress

Volume I

Commission I: Survey, Stratigraphy, Classification and Conservation of Peatlands
Commission II: Industrial Utilization of Peat and Peatlands, for Energy, Horticulture, Environment Protection and other Purposes
Commssion III: Utilization of Peat and Peatlands in Agriculture

Québec City, Canada

Editors: Line Rochefort & Jean-Yves Daigle

Edmonton 2000

ISBN 951-97744-4-0

CONTENTS

Foreword / Avant-Propos
Official Sponsors of the 11th International Peat Congress / Commanditaires officiels du 11e Congrès international de la tourbe
Donors and Sponsors Acknowledgement / Remerciements pour les donateurs et commanditaires
Organisers of the 11th International Peat Congress / Organisateur du 11e Congrès
Welcome from the President of IPS / Bienvenue du président de la SIT
Welcome from the Chairman of 11th International Peat Congress / Bienvenue du président du 11e Congrès international de la tourbe
Topics of the Congress / Thèmes du Congrès

CONTRIBUTED PAPERS / COMMUNICATIONS LIBRES

COMMISSION I – SURVEY, STRATIGRAPHY, CLASSIFICATION AND CONSERVATION OF PEATLANDS / INVENTAIRE, STRATIGRAPHIE, CLASSIFICATION ET CONSERVATION DES TOURBIÈRES

Peatland Paleoecology / Paléoécologie des tourbières

Succession of Plant Communities in the Mires of the Southeast of West Siberian Lowland during Holocene – T. Blyakharchuk and V. Klimanov
Indication Capacity of Testate Amoebae (Protozoa: Testacea) and Sphagna Species Associations – A. Bobrov and T. Minaeva
Vegetation and Climate of the Weichselian Glacial Period in Northern Central Europe – G. Caspers
Spatio-temporal Pattern of Bog-Pine (Pinus uncinata var. rotundata) along a Hydrological Gradient at the Margin of a Raised Bog of the Jura Mountains (Switzerland) – F. Freléchoux, A. Buttler, F. Schweingruber and J.-M. Gobat
Use of Peat Layers as Natural Archive and Reconstruction of the Holocene Vegetation History of Bangladesh – M. Shahidul Islam
Soil Evolution: From Marsh to Peatland, North Karelia, Russia – A.M. Kouznetsova
Organic Matter Sources and Early Degradation Processes of a Tropical Peat (Tritrivakely, Madagascar): Palaeoenvironmental Implications – F. Laggoun-Défarge, S. Bourdon, J.-R. Disnar, B. Guillet, C. Défarge and O. Maman
Plant Communities of Peatlands in the Ob River Flood Plain in the Southern Forest Zone of Western Siberia – E. Lapshina and W. Bleuten
A Synthesis of Pollen and Macrofossil Analysis for the Reconstruction of Percolating Mires – D. Michaelis
The Coastal Asphalt Fen of Keri, Zakynthos (Hellas) – S. Papazisimou, A. Bouzinos, K. Christanis and P.C. Tzedakis
The Palaeoclimate Evidence in Peat Profiles: Stable Isotope Study (Slovenia) – J. Pezdic, J. Faganeli and S. Pirc
Stratigraphy and Genesis of the Biale Lugi Watershed Bog, the Holy Cross Mts, Poland – S. Zurek

Peatland and the Carbon Cycle / Le cycle du carbone et les tourbières

The West Siberian Peat Accumulating Ecosystems, The Missing Sink for Atmospheric Carbon Depletion – W. Bleuten, S.V. Vasiliev, S.P. Yefremov, E.Y. Muldaryev and E.D. Lapshina
Biomass Allocation and Net Ecosystem CO₂ Exchange in a Boreal Bog and Temperate Poor Fen – J. Bubier and T. Moore
The Carbon Balance of the Peatlands in the Greater St. Lucia Wetland Park – P. Grundling and A. Blackmore
Short Term Decomposition of Indigenous and Foreign Plant Species on Peat and Mineral Soils – S. Hall and D.W. Hopkins
Effects of Elevated CO₂ and Increased Nitrogen Deposition on a Bog Ecosystem in the Netherlands – M.M.P.D. Heijmans and F. Berendse
Impact of Forest Fires on Carbon Storage in Tropical Peatlands – A. Jaya, S.E. Page, J.O. Rieley, S. Limin and V. Boehm
A Swedish Sphagnum Bog Surface Energy and Water Budget – E. Kellner
Carbon Accumulation in Aapa Mires, Examples From Finland – M. Mäkila, M. Saarnisto and T. Kankainen
Dynamics of Organic Matter in Carbon Dioxide and Methane Production – C. Roehm, N. Roulet and T. Moore
Human Influence on Carbon Fluxes in Coastal Peatlands – R.M. van den Bos

Peatland Mapping / Cartographie des tourbières

Conditions for the Formation of Peat Deposits in Belarus and Ecological Aspects of their Exploitation – A.P. Gavrilchik, V.E. Smelovsky, T.A. Piskounova and S.T. Multan
Peatland Classification Using Radarsat Imagery – H. Ghedira, M. Bernier, T. Ouarda and P. Buteau
The Processes of Peat Accumulation in Peatlands (Peat Accumulation Balance and Peat Production) – G.F. Kuzmin, V.G. Selenov and L.A. Sozinova
Development of telmatology using GIS – E. Lode
Analysis on Spatial Pattern of Peat Distribution in China – X. Ma and J. Hu
The Use of Archival Satellite Imagery to Map Production Bog Development – E.A. McGovern, N.M. Holden, S.M. Ward and J.F. Collins
Carbon Accumulation in West Siberian Peatlands, Russia – J. Turunen, A. Pitkänen, T. Tahvanainen and K. Tolonen
The Estimated Peat Reserves of Finland – K.S. Virtanen and P. Hänninen
The Distribution, Degeneration and Formation Mechanism of Peatland in P.R. China – Y. Yang
Dominant Soils of the Soil-mapping Unit and Typical Profiles of Mires in Germany – J. Zeitz and D. Kühn
Strategy on Utilization and Protection of Chinese Peat Resources – Z. Zhang and H. Zhao

Peatland Development and Structure / Structure et formation des tourbières

Bio-environmental Mechanisms of Herbaceous Peat Formation – B. Guangrun
Raised Bog Growth: Limits and Limitations – M. Ilomets
Vertical Water Movement in Raised Bogs: Relations with Water Chemistry and Vegetation – R. Pajula
Dynamics and Genesis of the Ridge-Hollow Complexes in Minerotrophic Mires of Siberia – Y. Preis and N.A. Antropova
Water Exchange in Boreal Peatlands: Application to Hydrological Cycle and Greenhouse C-gases – A. Sirin
Pattern and Processes of Peat Accumulation in Continental Rich Fens: Hypothesis and Preliminary Results – Z. Yu, D.H. Vitt, C. Campbell and I.D. Campbell

Peatland Conservation / Conservation des tourbières

Indicators for a Preliminary Ranking of Peatlands in Land Use Management – B. Drolet and F. Quinty
Conservation of Spring Mires in the Masurian Lakeland, Northeastern Poland – A. Lachacz
Salym-Yugansk Bog System as a Clue Object for Complex Monitoring – O.L. Liss
Peatland Conservation in Russia: Experience and Perspectives – T. Minaeva and A. Sirin
Establishing Water Management Rules for Wetland Protection: Biebrza Wetlands Case – T. Okruszko and A. Byczkowski
Oscillation or Inundation: Hydrodynamical Classification of Kettle-hole Mires as a Tool for Restoration – T. Timmermann
Conservation of Ombrotrophic Bog Vegetations: The Effects of High Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition – H.B.M. Tomassen, A.J.P. Smolders, L.P.M. Lamers and J.G.M. Roelofs
Subsidence along Disturbed Bog Margins and its Expansion into Bogs – S. van der Schaaf

COMMISSION II – INDUSTRIAL UTILIZATION OF PEAT AND PEATLANDS, FOR ENERGY, HORTICULTURE, ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AND OTHER PURPOSES

Developments in Peat Extraction Equipment / Équipement pour l’extraction de la tourbe : nouvelles approches

The Development and Testing of an Automatic Depth Control System for a Peat Miller – S.F. Condon and A. McGee
Milled Peat Production Control System – K. Hillebrand and P. Hölttä
Effective and Environmentally Sound Vapo JIK-40-pneumatic Harvester – M. Kallio, T. Nurminen, J. Aalto, T. Lampila, K. Elomaa, P. Rytkönen, A. Leinonen and R. Jormalainen
Functioning Indices of Peat Pneumatic Extracting Machines – N.V. Kislov
Efficient Equipment to Meet all Needs of Sphagnum Peat Moss Producers – S. Roy and H. Gagnon
New Ditching Machine – K. Whelan

Industrial Uses of Peat / Utilisations industrielles de la tourbe

Peat Humic Products for Environmental Protection – A.M. Abramets
Results Achieved in Peat Production Research in the Bioenergy Research Program in Finland – A. Erkkilä and T. Pappanen
Geology, Mining and Utilisation of Peat Reserves in Hungary – M. Hámor-Vidó and A. Tóth
Application of a Modern Control System to a Peat Briquetting Factory – C. Henderson
Evaluation of the Energy Potential During Peat Production – N. Kuznetsov and A. Mikhailov
Peat Production Research and Development in Technical Research Centre of Finland – A. Leinonen
The Two-day Cycle Principle for Milled Peat Production and its Achievement in Practice – J. Martin
Natural Peat Filtration Process – A. Mikhailov, A. Bashilov, V. Suvorov and L. Davies
Performance of Peat Filters in the Treatment of Domestic Wastewater in Northern Minnesota, U.S.A. – S.D. Monson Geerts, B.J. McCarthy, R. Axler and J. Henneck
The Advantages of the Integrated Production of Peat and Wood Biomasses – T. Nyrönen, J. Silpola and T. Vesisenaho
Diversification of a Traditional Peat Company – J. O’Halloran
Peatlands, Peat and the Peat Industry in Scandinavia – R. Pettersson
Is Peat a Sustainable Source of Energy? – A.J. Schilstra
The Grounds of the Methods and the Calculation of Water Balance of Field Peat Extraction – P. Stepanov
Sphagnum Peat Moss in Canada: An Interesting Medium Contributing to Solve Environmental Problems – P. Talbot, S. Gagné and G. Laliberté
Fuel Peat Potential in the Republic of Karelia – H. Uosukainen and C. Shier

Horticultural Uses of Peat / Utilisations horticoles de la tourbe

The Prediction of Some Peat Properties for Irish Industrial Bogs using Near Infrared Spectroscopy – B.A. Bening, N.M. Holden, S.M. Ward and E.P. Farrell
The Production of Frozen Black Peat in Germany – H.G. Belka
High-grade Use of Raw Materials Running Low: High-tech-granulation of Peat – C.D. Brinkmann
Quality of Horticultural Peat: Production, Survey and Management Methods – P.J. Byrne
A Comparison of Coir and Canadian Sphagnum Peat Moss for Horticultural Container Media – H.A. Poole
The Advantage of Peat-containing Vermicompost Application as a Component of Hothouse Soil in Comparison with Native Peat – N.N. Tereshchenko

COMMISSION III – UTILIZATION OF PEAT AND PEATLANDS IN AGRICULTURE / UTILISATION DE LA TOURBE ET DES TOURBIÈRES EN AGRICULTURE

Utilization of Peat and Peatlands in Agriculture / Utilisation de la tourbe et des tourbières en agriculture

Natural Potential of Rational Use of Ukrainian Peat Resource with Economic Partnership with the IPS – V. Chenka, V. Sabat and M. Ivaniv
Nitrogen Forms and Relationship Between Nitrogen and Carbon in Selected Hungarian Peat Soil Profiles – E. Forro and El-B. Ragab
Effect of Temperature on Decomposition of Organic Matter in Peat Soils – R.F.A. Hendriks and J. Vermeulen
Influences of Cadmium on Net Nitrogen Mineralization in Greek Soils Rich in Organic Matter – Th. Karyotis, P. Papadopoulos, C. Noulas, A. Haroulis and E. Vavoulidou
Methods for Identification of Chemical Properties of Mires and Organic Soils in Russia – V.N. Kreshtapova and O.N. Uspenskaya
The Use of a New Plant Growth Stimulant Recovered From Peat in Agriculture – N.A. Perchenko, L.V. Kasimova and E.V. Titova
Distribution of Sulphur Forms in Selected Hungarian Peat Soil Profiles – El-B. Ragab and E. Forro
Effects of Decomposed Organic Waste on Site Parameters, Components of Vegetation and Yield on Peat Grassland – G. Schalitz, H. Käding and A. Behrendt
The Development of Organic and Mineral Post Fen Soils as the Result of Intensive Cultivation of Fens in Northeastern Germany – C. Schleier
Horticulture in Tropical Peat, Case in Indonesia – B. Setiadi
Peat-sapropel Materials as Soil Improvers – G.A. Sokolov and N.N. Bambalov
Ecologically Safe use of Organic Fertilizers – L. Szajdak, Y. Tsekhavovich, T. Matuszewska and O. Krasnoberskaya
Impact of Secondary Transformation State of Peat-muck Soils on Total and Hydrophobic Content of Amino Acids – L. Szajdak, J. Gawlik and T. Matuszewska
The Use of Marsh Sediments in Agriculture as Agrochemical Raw Materials – E.V. Titova
Peat Biostimulating Properties after Electric Impulse Processing in Water – A. Vasilieva, V. Shepel, A. Kravets, G. Lobanova and T. Ruban
Impact of Sheep Urine on Dissolved Organic Matter in Grazed Peatlands – B.L. Williams, C.A. Shand, S. Smith and M.E. Young

Index of Authors / Index des auteurs
International Peat Congresses / Congrès international de la tourbe
The International Peat Society / la Société internationale de la tourbe